毛竹顺纹抗拉性质的变异及与气干密度的关系

将毛竹轴向分段(4段)、径向分层(6层)取样,研究其顺纹抗拉弹性模量和顺纹抗拉强度的变异规律,顺纹抗拉性质与气干密度之间的关系.结果表明:毛竹的顺纹抗拉弹性模量和顺纹抗拉强度的径向变异很大,不同位置竹材的顺纹抗拉弹性模量为8.49～32.49 GPa,最外层竹材的顺纹抗拉弹性模量约是最内层的3～4倍;不同位置顺竹材顺纹抗强度在115.94～328.15 MPa之间,最外层竹材的顺纹抗强度是最内层的2～3倍.用直线方程预测毛竹顺纹抗拉性质的效果略优于曲线方程的效果.     

木塑构件强度特性的研究

在包装、家具框架中L型构件是一种比较常见的结构形式.本文通过分析跨距对木塑L型构件结构强度和连接结构强度的影响,得出以下结论:跨距对木塑L型构件结构强度的影响非常显著,跨距越短,结构强度越大;跨距对连接结构强度影响也很大,跨距在190mm左右时,连接性能最好.     

Prediction of the buckling stress of intermediate wooden columns using the secant modulus

We made several buckling tests of wooden columns with intermediate slenderness ratios () and examined the empirical formulas. On the basis of the examination, we formulated an equation for predicting the buckling stress () of an intermediate wooden column. Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis Carr.) and buna (Japanese beech, Fagus crenata BI.) were used for the studies. A compressive load was applied on the specimen supported with pin ends, and the buckling stress was predicted by the tangent modulus theory and two empirical equations: those of Tetmajer and Newlin-Gahagan. The predicted - relations were compared with the test results, and the applicability of these predictions were examined. Based on the comparisons, we formulated an equation that can predict the - relations of materials with various stress-strain characters in the plastic strain range.     

Effect of temperature and compression on the mechanical behavior of steam-treated wood

The mechanical behavior of steamed spruce wood changes dramatically with compression along the grain, the change being much more moderate perpendicular to the grain. The stiffness decrement due to increased temperature is greatest in the tangential material direction. The stiffness decrement due to compression is greatest along the grain. Compression to 80% compressive strain at 131°C inverts the order of the material directions regarding stiffness, the stiffness being the least along the grain. Plastic strain due to compression is greater at higher temperatures. The compression-induced decrement of stiffness along the grain is greater at higher temperatures, but the off-axis decrement of stiffness is less at higher temperatures.     

Estimation of shear moduli of wood by quasi-simple shear tests

A quasi-simple shear test, which is the most direct method for examining the shear properties of sheet metals, has been applied to measure the shear moduli of wood. Buna (Fagus crenata Blume) with variously sized shear regions was used for the test specimens. Strain gauges were mounted in the center of the shear regions to measure the shear strains. The shear tests were carried out to determine the shear moduli in the radial and tangential planes. Apparent shear moduli obtained from the experimental results were corrected by finite element method (FEM) simulation of the shear region, where both shearing and bending are produced. It was found that the corrected shear moduli are roughly independent of test conditions, and their values are in good agreement with the data obtained from bending-shear tests. This suggests that the method employed here can effectively estimate the shear moduli of wood.Part of this research was presented at the 50th Annual Meeting of the Society of Materials Science, Osaka, May 2001     

杨木基非对称结构胶合板制备及性能分析

对杨木单板层积材与木材层积塑料复合制造非对称结构胶合板的制备工艺进行探索,为客车车厢底板用非对称结构胶合板的制备提供技术参数.采用了热压和冷压两种工艺进行复合,并测定其抗弯性能、尺寸稳定性和吸水率等物理力学性能.结果表明,热压组复合板材的力学性能及尺寸稳定性表现均优于冷压组.     

毛竹竹黄片拉伸性能

通过对竹筒直径的测量,得到试验材料平行段并进行取样,再通过端面扫描进行验证。通过对竹黄片拉伸性能测试,得知其拉伸强度平均值为61.37 MPa,竹筒内以及竹筒间强度变异性很大;拉伸弹性模量平均值为8.26 GPa,筒内及筒间变异性很小,具有可靠性。通过对拉伸端面的分析可知,纤维被拔出的拉伸破坏试件强度较大,而且纤维拔出数量越多,强度越大。     

温度对揉碎柠条可压缩性的影响

揉碎柠条的可压缩性对其压缩设备的设计和压缩生产工艺的选择有重要影响。该文通过对揉碎柠条在22～140℃范围内4个不同温度下的压缩试验,建立了柠条在压缩过程中压力与体积应变、压力与压缩密度以及体积模量与压缩密度的数学模型,获得了温度对揉碎柠条可压缩性的影响规律。研究结果表明：揉碎柠条在压缩过程中存在松散、过渡和压紧3个阶段,在松散阶段可压缩性较好,过渡阶段可压缩性逐渐降低,压紧阶段可压缩性迅速降低。同时,柠条的可压缩性与温度有关,在所选温度范围内,可压缩性随温度的升高而提高;且随压缩密度的增加,温度对其可压缩性的影响逐渐增强。研究结果为柠条压缩设备的设计及其加工工艺的合理选择提供了参考。     

大豆表观接触弹性模量的测定

利用质构仪按照美国农业与生物工程师协会ASAE S368.4DEC2000(R2006)标准,结合大豆的生理结构特点,对2011年东北黑龙江产大豆样品分别从长(L),宽(W),高(H)对应的Z、Y、X三个方向进行了压缩实验,测量了加载载荷与对应变形量的关系,运用SPSS软件对数据进行分析处理.得到大豆的表观接触弹性模量、最大破坏力、最大破坏能、破坏点的变形量、破坏点的变形百分比。     

碎料板弹性模量微观力学的分析步骤和实验方法

针对刨花板、定向刨花板、重组木等碎料板弹性模量的微观力学求解理论进行综述，提出各个板种微观力学模型建立的原则，指出相应的数学模拟计算理论与方法的研究方向，编制计算机仿真计算软件库，通过这些理论可以建立这几种碎料材种、几何尺寸、胶种、铺装角及其误差、碎料力学参数、压缩比、容重等因素和板材弹性模量的定量数学关系，实现新型板种弹性模量的理论预测方法。